Dog Vaccination: DHPP Discussed by Veterinarian Catherine Barnette, DVM, Reviewed by Certified Veterinary Technician Emily Oliver, and Updated on March 6, 2025
Protecting Your Dog with the DHPP Vaccine
The DHPP vaccine is a vital core immunization for dogs, recommended for all canines regardless of their lifestyle due to the severity and contagiousness of the diseases it protects against. This combination vaccine safeguards dogs against four major diseases: Canine Distemper Virus, Canine Adenovirus type 2 (Hepatitis), Parvovirus, and Parainfluenza virus.
Composition and Diseases Protected Against:
- Canine Distemper Virus: A severe, often fatal viral disease that affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems.
- Adenovirus (Hepatitis): Causes infectious canine hepatitis, affecting the liver and kidneys.
- Parvovirus: A highly contagious and potentially fatal virus primarily impacting the intestines and immune system.
- Parainfluenza: A viral respiratory infection contributing to kennel cough and respiratory illness.
The DHPP vaccine is typically given starting in puppyhood, with boosters throughout a dog's life. It is usually combined in a single vaccine for practical administration.
Administration and Boosters:
Dogs should receive their first DHPP vaccines as puppies, starting at the first puppy visit, as early as 6 weeks of age. The vaccine is then repeated every 3-4 weeks until the puppy is 16-20 weeks old. After the initial "puppy shots" are completed, a DHPP booster should be administered one year after the last vaccine in the puppy series, and a booster vaccination should be administered every three years thereafter.
Safety and Side Effects:
The DHPP vaccine is considered essential because these diseases can be fatal or cause lifelong health problems if contracted. Mild lethargy and soreness at the site of the vaccine are relatively common side effects after vaccination. However, rare severe allergic reactions may include hives, facial swelling, itching, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, or collapse. If you observe signs of an allergic reaction, contact your veterinarian immediately.
Alternative Vaccines and Precautions:
Corticosteroids (such as prednisone) should be avoided at the time of vaccination, if possible, as they may decrease the likelihood of an appropriate immune response. The ULTRA Duramune vaccine from Elanco is unique in that it is half the volume of other DHPP vaccines, intended to minimize discomfort and the risk of vaccine reactions.
Pet health insurance plans may help cover some vaccine costs, and the CareCredit credit card can be used to manage pet care costs, including vaccinations. It's essential to discuss options with your veterinarian to ensure your dog receives the best care possible.
[1] PetMD. (2021). DHPP Vaccine. Retrieved from https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/dhpp-vaccine [2] VCA Hospitals. (2021). Canine Vaccinations. Retrieved from https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/canine-vaccinations [4] Merck Manual. (2021). Canine Vaccination. Retrieved from https://www.merckvetmanual.com/dog-owners/general-dog-care/canine-vaccination
The DHPP vaccine, essential for pet health, is based on science, safeguarding dogs against four dangerous diseases: Canine Distemper Virus, Adenovirus (Hepatitis), Parvovirus, and Parainfluenza virus. This vaccine plays a significant role in maintaining the overall health-and-wellness of canines by preventing life-threatening diseases.
