Earth's darkest skies face threat from light pollution. Here's how astronomers are countering this issue
In the Atacama Desert, a region renowned for its exceptional conditions for cosmic observation, a new project is causing concern. The INNA project, a green hydrogen site, is proposed to be located near the CTAO-South site, home to several of the world's most advanced telescopes, including the European Southern Observatory's (ESO) Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) and Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI).
ESO has raised concerns that the INNA project's reliance on a wind farm and solar plant could lead to increased atmospheric turbulence, which could degrade the quality of optical images. Moreover, the vibrations caused by the wind farm could potentially impact the sensitive mirror alignment of the ELT and the VLTI.
The Atacama Desert's clear skies, high elevation, and dry climate make it an ideal location for astronomy. Minimal atmospheric moisture and light pollution provide exceptionally stable viewing conditions for telescopes and cosmic observations. ESO emphasises the importance of preserving these dark skies, highlighting their role in humanity's connection with the Universe and the technological advancements that astronomy enables.
Chile shares this commitment to protecting the quality of its dark skies, a commitment that has been in place for more than six decades. ESO collaborates with the regional government of Chile and other international observatories to reduce light pollution.
Individuals can also play a part in this effort. Simple steps like changing outdoor lighting to reduce light pollution and advocating for light pollution reduction measures with local governments can make a significant difference.
The light pollution caused by the INNA project's blue photons could also negatively affect the sensitive observations of CTAO-South. In response, ESO has submitted proposals to the Chilean government regarding the INNA project as part of the project's review process.
As the INNA project moves forward, it's crucial to balance the need for sustainable energy solutions with the preservation of our ability to study the cosmos. With careful planning and consideration, it's possible to achieve both goals.
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