Health Data Sources: Immunization Systems - A Pillar of Health Information, Providing Continuous Health Analytics
In 2014, a visionary state health official from the Midwest proposed that the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) should lead a coordinated effort for a seamless interjurisdictional immunization data exchange. This initiative aimed to bridge the data gap by enabling secure data flow across state lines.
The proposal gained broad support, and collaboration became a defining strength of ASTHO, the American Immunization Registry Association (AIRA), and the wider immunization community. By the end of 2014, ASTHO had successfully convened a coalition of stakeholders and made significant progress. This included drafting a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for data exchange and establishing a community of practice.
The American Immunization Registry Association (AIRA) played a growing role in supporting Interoperable Immunization Systems (IIS) interstate data exchange, data standards, data quality, and IIS modernization. The IZ Gateway, a federally sponsored technology solution for immunization data exchange, also received stronger support.
Fast forward to February 14, 2025, where the Memorandum of Understanding for the widespread, seamless interjurisdictional exchange of immunization data was signed in Pohnpei. As of now, 44 jurisdictions are participating in IIS-to-IIS data exchange through the IZ Gateway, with a total of 361 live connections.
Moreover, as of July 22, 2025, 57 IIS jurisdictions have signed interjurisdictional exchange MOUs. While not all data challenges have been completely solved, progress is being made towards a collaborative solution.
This collaborative effort is a significant step forward in ensuring accurate and timely immunization data across the United States, ultimately contributing to the health and wellbeing of millions of citizens.
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