Signs of Shift in Personality during Dementia: An Initial Overview (7 Key Indicators)
In the early stages of dementia, subtle shifts in mood, social behavior, empathy, and the emergence of repetitive or compulsive activities may be the first signs to watch for [1][2][3]. These changes can be difficult to recognize, but they are crucial in understanding the early signs and navigating the challenging terrain of dementia.
Mood swings, irritability, anxiety, social withdrawal, apathy, loss of empathy, increased suspicion or paranoia, and unusual compulsive or repetitive behaviors are common indicators of dementia-related personality changes [1][2]. For instance, someone previously outgoing may become quiet or isolated, while another individual might exhibit mood swings without warning and emotional disconnect, such as lack of empathy or inappropriate emotional reactions [2][3].
Paranoia, suspicion, or mistrust may also emerge without clear cause, and individuals might lose their inhibitions, saying inappropriate things, being rude, or showing inappropriate sexual behaviors, particularly in Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) cases where frontal brain regions are affected [3]. Repetitive or compulsive behaviors, like locking doors multiple times or fixation on routines, may interfere with daily life, and restlessness or agitation may also be early signs related to changing personality and behavior [3][5].
These behavioral changes should be taken seriously, as they may be mistaken for mental health issues like depression or anxiety, delaying dementia diagnosis [2]. If you suspect dementia in a senior family member, the first step is to consult a primary care doctor for an assessment and potential cognitive tests.
It's essential to remember that dementia is associated with a broader spectrum of cognitive challenges, including personality changes. These changes can be challenging for both the individual with dementia and their loved ones. Engaging in support groups or seeking guidance from organizations like the Alzheimer's Association can provide valuable resources and assistance throughout the journey.
Involving family members and considering legal and financial planning, such as establishing power of attorney and discussing long-term care options, is crucial when dealing with dementia. Dementia can cause individuals to make blunt remarks without realizing the impact, and recognizing changes in personality associated with dementia is crucial in understanding the early signs and navigating the challenging terrain.
Certain medications can cause cognitive side effects, resembling dementia, and stress and anxiety can mimic dementia symptoms temporarily, causing confusion or difficulty concentrating. Therefore, it's crucial to rule out other possible causes before making a definitive diagnosis.
Inappropriate jokes made by individuals with dementia can cross boundaries that were once clear to them, and a lack of tact in interpersonal interactions is another key aspect of dementia-related personality changes. Normal aging can bring about occasional memory lapses, like forgetting names or keys, but forgetfulness is not always indicative of a serious condition [4].
If a diagnosis is confirmed, it's advisable to consult with a geriatrician for a comprehensive approach to managing the senior's health and quality of life. Medical conditions like thyroid problems or vitamin deficiencies may mirror dementia symptoms, so it's essential to rule out these possibilities before starting treatment.
In summary, understanding the early signs of dementia-related personality changes is crucial in navigating the challenging terrain of dementia. If you suspect dementia in a senior family member, seek medical advice promptly, and be patient and compassionate as you support them through this difficult journey.
References:
[1] Alzheimer's Society. (2021). Early signs of dementia. Retrieved from https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/about-dementia/symptoms-and-diagnosis/early-signs-and-symptoms-of-dementia
[2] Mayo Clinic. (2021). Personality changes in dementia. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alzheimers-disease/in-depth/personality-changes/art-20047909
[3] National Institute on Aging. (2021). Frontotemporal degeneration: Symptoms and diagnosis. Retrieved from https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/frontotemporal-lobar-degeneration-ftld-symptoms-and-diagnosis
[4] National Institute on Aging. (2021). Normal age-related memory change. Retrieved from https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/normal-age-related-memory-change
[5] Alzheimer's Research UK. (2021). Restlessness and agitation in people with dementia. Retrieved from https://www.alzheimersresearchuk.org/info/understanding-dementia/symptoms-and-diagnosis/behaviour-and-psychological-symptoms/restlessness-and-agitation/
Mental-health issues such as mood swings, irritability, anxiety, and social withdrawal can be early signs of dementia-related personality changes [2]. Engaging in health-and-wellness activities like support groups and seeking guidance from organizations like the Alzheimer's Association can help manage dementia-related mental-health challenges [4].