Symptoms, Prevention Strategies, and Management Methods for Measles
Measles, a highly contagious viral infection, affects the respiratory system and can lead to serious complications. The virus, belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family, is known for its ability to spread rapidly, with up to 90% of those exposed developing the infection.
Symptoms of measles typically appear within 10-14 days after exposure to the virus. These symptoms include a widespread rash, fever, cough, runny nose, eye irritation, sore throat, and white spots inside the mouth. The measles rash may last for 6 days but can last up to 21 days.
Measles can be dangerous, especially for vulnerable individuals such as children under age 5 years, pregnant people who don't have immunity to measles, and those with weakened immune systems. Severe complications of measles may include pneumonia, encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, pregnancy-related effects, and can potentially lead to death.
Fortunately, vaccination plays a crucial role in preventing measles. The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) and measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccines help protect against both measles and rubella. Children can receive their first vaccination at age 12 months, or sooner if they are traveling internationally. They can receive their second dose between the ages of 4 and 6 years.
It's important to note that while the vaccination is generally safe, side effects are possible. These are typically mild and disappear in a few days, but in rare cases, the vaccine has been linked to low platelet count or seizures.
For pregnant individuals who don't have immunity to measles and believe they've been exposed, it's crucial to contact their healthcare professional immediately. Receiving an injection of immunoglobulin may help reduce the chance of measles infection in such cases.
Research from 2021 suggests that passive immunity provided to babies through their mothers may last only until infants are about 7 months old. This underscores the importance of vaccinating children at the appropriate age.
Measles can only occur in humans and not in animals. However, global trends in recent years have shown significant measles resurgence in parts of Africa, Asia, and Europe due to vaccination gaps and outbreaks. Unfortunately, the countries with the highest recent increases in measles cases are not specifically detailed in the provided search results.
Vaccination isn't just important for protecting you and your family, but also for protecting people who can't be vaccinated. By getting vaccinated, you help ensure that our communities remain safe and healthy for everyone.
Read also:
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- Increased measles cases Approaching 1,500 in the United States, with a new case detected in the Chicago metropolitan area.
- An Ear Infection Explained: A Discussion on Otitis Media
- Recommendations by CDC advisers for limiting MMRV vaccine choices in younger children, and forthcoming decision on hepatitis B vaccine restrictions.
