Vaginal Reconstruction Procedures following Vaginectomy: Essential Information
Vaginal reconstructive surgery plays a vital role in rebuilding the structures of the vagina after a cancer-related vaginectomy. This procedure is designed to restore vaginal structure, function, and aesthetics, providing a pathway for those affected by gynecological cancer to continue to experience sexual intercourse and, when a functional uterus is present, regular menstruation.
The common types of vaginal reconstructive surgery after a cancer-related vaginectomy include vaginoplasty, perineoplasty, vaginal rejuvenation and tightening procedures, and the use of skin flaps or grafts from pelvic or abdominal tissue.
Vaginoplasty is the primary reconstructive surgery used to create or restore a vaginal canal. Techniques vary based on patient anatomy and needs, with the penile inversion technique, skin grafting from other body parts, and rectosigmoid vaginoplasty being the most common approaches. Perineoplasty is often performed alongside vaginoplasty to reconstruct the perineal area between the vagina and anus, providing better structural support and integrity.
Vaginal rejuvenation and tightening procedures involve tightening vaginal muscles and tissues to restore function, often used after childbirth but relevant in reconstructive contexts to restore pelvic floor support and reduce vaginal cavity size. This procedure also helps improve support for the bladder, uterus, and bowel.
After surgery, recovery from vaginal reconstruction occurs at home and may require using a vaginal dilator or having regular sex to keep the vagina open. It's important to note that the exact steps and procedures will vary depending on how much of the vagina doctors are repairing and what technique they select.
Reconstruction after cancer often requires individualized planning based on tumor extent, previous treatments (e.g., radiation), and patient goals. Multidisciplinary teams including gynecologic oncologists and reconstructive surgeons usually manage these cases.
People may wish to seek sex therapy after this type of surgery. The American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors, and Therapists' online tool can be used to find a sex therapist. It's also crucial to consider that genitocrural flap reconstruction has satisfactory outcomes and fewer complications compared with sigmoid vaginoplasty, according to a 10-year follow-up study.
Vaginal cancers are often squamous cell carcinoma, a treatable type of cancer that can spread to other areas of the body. Resuming sexual activity will depend on recovery progress and may require several months. Vaginectomy is a treatment option for cancers that do not respond to radiation, are recurrent, or are in advanced stages.
It's important to note that neovaginas or vaginas repaired with other tissues will not have the same level of sensation or function as a presurgery vagina. Using a dilator for a certain amount of time each day is often a necessary, lifelong process to prevent vaginal shrinking, closing, or scarring.
The exact cost of vaginal reconstruction surgery will depend on the procedure, specialists involved, location, and duration. For those without insurance, options to help pay for vaginal reconstruction surgery include personal bank loans, credit lines, payment plans through the surgeon's office, financial assistance programs, and seeking help from organizations like the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD).
In conclusion, vaginal reconstruction post-cancer vaginectomy is a vital procedure that offers hope and a pathway for those affected by gynecological cancer to maintain a sense of well-being and a positive self-image. The process requires careful planning, expert care, and ongoing support, but the potential benefits far outweigh the challenges.
- Vaginal reconstructive surgeries, such as vaginoplasty and perineoplasty, are commonly utilized to rebuild the vagina after a cancer-related vaginectomy, restoring structure, function, and aesthetics.
- Surgical procedures like vaginal rejuvenation and tightening can help restore pelvic floor support and improve vaginal functionality, often applied in reconstructive contexts to address issues following childbirth or cancer treatments.
- Science and health-and-wellness professionals work together in oncology and women's health to plan and perform individualized treatments, considering factors like tumor extent, previous treatments, and patient goals.
- Menopause may be influenced by reconstruction surgeries, and seeking therapies and treatments, such as sex therapy, could be valuable in addressing any related concerns.
- Therapies and treatments like sex therapy, along with using dilators and ongoing support, are crucial in rebuilding self-image and maintaining a sense of well-being after surgery.
- The cost of vaginal reconstruction surgery varies and may necessitate seeking financial assistance, including personal bank loans, payment plans, or aid from organizations like the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD).
