Various options for easing joint discomfort: A look at their types, recommended dosages, and additional details
Arthritis-related joint pain can be a debilitating condition, but there are several first-line treatments available to help manage the discomfort. According to the Arthritis Foundation (AF), primary medications for joint pain primarily include acetaminophen (paracetamol) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Acetaminophen, available in 325-500 mg tablets for adults, is commonly used for mild to moderate pain relief without inflammation control. The maximum recommended daily dose for patients without liver disease is 4,000 mg. However, common side effects include headaches, nausea, rash, and mood changes.
NSAIDs, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and celecoxib, are among the most popular treatments for arthritis pain. These medications reduce both pain and inflammation. Celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor NSAID, is often preferred for its potentially lower risk of stomach upset compared to traditional NSAIDs.
Naproxen, another type of NSAID, is available in various forms, including extended-release, delayed-release, fast-acting, capsule, and oral solution. For children, acetaminophen doses are available as oral solution (160 mg/5 mL) and chewable tablets (80-160 mg). Ibuprofen is also a type of NSAID that can be used to treat joint pain, available in tablet and liquid formulations.
In some cases, prescription medication may be necessary for joint pain if over-the-counter options are not effective or if pain is severe. Tramadol, a prescription medication, helps block pain receptors in the brain and is an atypical opioid. However, it may cause side effects such as sleepiness, headache, nervousness, involuntary shaking, muscle tightness, and heartburn.
Corticosteroid injections can also help reduce inflammation and pain by injecting a corticosteroid and numbing agent directly into an affected joint. While they can be effective, side effects include headache, lightheadedness, delayed wound healing, acne, thin, fragile, or dry skin, and trouble sleeping.
Topical NSAIDs, such as diclofenac gel, provide targeted pain relief with fewer systemic effects and are FDA-approved for arthritis pain. However, their effectiveness rate is about 10%.
In addition to medication, people may find it helpful to supplement with additional therapies such as acupuncture, tai chi, yoga, massage, physical therapy, transcutaneous electrical stimulation, and heat and cold therapy. Reaching or maintaining a moderate weight may also help relieve pressure on the joints.
Long-term use of NSAIDs can damage the stomach lining and increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and heart failure. Acetaminophen may have little effect on osteoarthritis pain.
For those who may struggle to afford medications, organisations such as ConnectiveRx, Medicare, Eagle Pharmacy (EyeRx Direct), PAN Foundation, BlinkHealth, NeedyMeds, RxHope, Medicine Assistance Tool, PharmacyChecker, and RxOutreach may be able to assist.
In conclusion, while there are several first-line treatments available for managing arthritis-related joint pain, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most suitable treatment plan. Lifestyle modifications, such as exercise and weight loss, are often recommended alongside medications.
- Retail pharmacies often stock pain medications like acetaminophen (paracetamol) and ibuprofen, which are primary treatments for arthritis pain.
- In health-and-wellness shops, one can find topical pain relief options, such as diclofenac gel, that offer targeted relief with fewer systemic effects for joint pain.
- Shoppers concerned about their mental health can seek support from various organizations while managing the financial aspect of purchasing necessary medications is potentially addressed by groups like ConnectiveRx and NeedyMeds.
- To promote overall well-being, shoppers can consider supplementing their medication with fitness-and-exercise routines, practices like yoga and acupuncture, and nutrition strategies like reaching and maintaining a moderate weight to alleviate pressure on affected joints.
